2-stroke engine Components - In a vehicle, the engine is the heart of a vehicle power station. Without the engine, a vehicle will not run unless there are other energy sources such as electric motors. But, in general, vehicles that are currently produced use the combustion engine power source.
Conbustion engine actually can not produce energy because energy can not be made. But this engine is a component of energy conversion from oil (gasoline) to motion energy (rotation).
How to ?
To discuss this we are familiar with 2-stroke engine cycles and 4 stroke engine cycles. What does it mean ?
two-stroke-engine, is a cycle that occurs at one turn of the crank to produce combustion. So every cycle on the 2 stroke engine not only last one round.
four-stroke-engine, is a cycle that has longer stages because in one process of combustion / cycle consists of two times the crank.
Of course, between the 2 stroke engine and 4 tak it has the difference despite having the same fuel. One of them on the components that interact.
In this article, we will discuss what components affect the working principicle of two-stroke engine with each of its functions.
1. Cylinder block
Just like the 4 stroke engine, cylinder block is used as a place to make energy changes from the combustion process to produce the energy rotary. The main function of the cylinder block is to place the piston to move up and down. As the name suggests, the shape of this component is like a cylindrical cavity, inside this cavity the piston acts.
2. Head cylinder
The cylinder head has two functions ie as a cylindrical cavity cover and as a place of burning. In theory, engine combustion does occur in the combustion chamber, but the position of this combustion chamber is inside of the cylinder head.
3. Piston
Piston is a tubular component with a certain diameter. The piston diameter is smaller than the diameter of the cylinder, because the piston position is inside the cylindrical cavity. Its function is to adjust the size of the volume of the combustion chamber.
In the cylinder block, the piston only moves up and down. But the up and down movement can cause some conditions, if the piston moves down then the volume of the combustion chamber will enlarge and this makes the gasoline and air mixture sucked into the combustion chamber.
As the piston moves up the volume of the combustion chamber will shrink, this condition causes AFM (air fuel mixture) in the combustion chamber compressed. The result is that the temperature and pressure of the gas increases, if there is a little spark then this gas will burn. And there was a burning process.
But, because the piston's diameter is smaller than the cylindrical cavity it will leak air from the combustion chamber through the piston gap as the piston rises. To overcome this, there are three rings located on the piston wall. This ring is elastic so it can be attached to the cylinder surface. Through this ring, a gas leak during compression will be prevented.
4. Piston rod
The piston rod or the connecting rod is a part under the piston and above the crankshaft. Its only has one function, connect the up and down motion of the piston to the crankshaft. Although its function is only one, but this component should not be underestimated.
When combustion occurs, the resulting expansion of the combustion process will push the piston down with great power. The piston rod is required to deliver this thrust to the crankshaft without being bent. Therefore, the connecting rod is made of iron.
5. Crankshaft
Crankshaft in principle the same as the stroke on the bike. Its function is to change the up and down motion into a circular motion. As we pedal a bicycle, we subconsciously turn the up and down movement into a circular motion.
On the engine, our leg is assumed as a piston and connecting rod. Just as a connecting rod, the crankshaft is also strongly demanded to withstand the impulse of combustion and strong reverses the spin so that the piston is able to move back up.
For that reason, on a single cylinder engine, crankshaft design usually will be accompanied by silindrical ballance to get more stable rotating.
6. Intake port
The function of this channel is the place for the entry of air and gasoline mixture into the crank chamber. Why go to crank chamber? because in the two-stroke cycle, a mixture of gasoline and air will be channeled into the combustion chamber when finished combustion process. Movement of the piston towards the bottom will push this gas to move up through the transfer channel.
the difference of the 4 stroke engine is the absence of valve mechanism on the 2 stroke engine. That's because the intake channel is directly connected to the crank chamber. In a two-stroke engine both combustion chamber and crank chamber will affect by the piston movement.
As the piston moves upward, the volume enlargement in the crank chamber will suck air and gasoline into the crank chamber, when the piston moves back down the piston wall closes the intake channel.
7. Exhaust port
Just like the intake port, the exhaust port is the channel that connects the combustion chamber with the exhaust port. Its function, as the exhaust channels of combustion gases. This channel also does not have a valve mechanism because it takes advantage of piston movement to open the channel.
The location is above the intake channel, and this channel will open automatically when the piston moves down. When the air from inside the crank room enters the combustion chamber, it will push the combustion gases move out via exhaust port.
8. Transfer port
the transfer channel is a special channel that connects the combustion chamber with the crank chamber. Just as the two channels above, this channel is also not equipped valve mechanism. Just use the piston movement to set open and close channels.
The function of this channel is to flow AFM inside the crank chamber to the combustion chamber. How does it work ? it’s work by utilizing the piston movement, when the piston moves down automatically open port transfers. While the intake channel will be closed. And this will push the fuel water mixture inside the crank room into the combustion chamber.
9. Spark plug
Spark plugs have function to sparking fire on the gasoline engine. This spark plug works by converting electrical energy into fire, how it work?
Actually, the fire and electricity have ability to burn. So that, to do the burning procces inside combustion chamber, it’s only need to increase the electrical voltage (up to 20KV) so that the electricity can form a spark.
In general 2 stroke spark plugs and 4-stroke spark plugs are same, but the location of the spark plug on the 2-stroke engine is located above the central combustion chamber. So the burning will be more centered in the middle and the power will be straight vertical down.
But, the weakness of 2-stroke engine is related to the level of gasoline consumption and emissions that very bad. That's due to this engine combustion occurs every crank rotation, while the 4-stroke engine burn every two crank rotation so that the use of gasoline is twice more wasteful than the 4 stroke engine.
While emissions, filled with white smoke coming from side oil. The side oil is a spare oil that lubricates the crank chamber, but the oil will enter the combustion chamber as the piston moves down. As long as the oil will burn and the result is white smoke from exhaust.
Conbustion engine actually can not produce energy because energy can not be made. But this engine is a component of energy conversion from oil (gasoline) to motion energy (rotation).
How to ?
To discuss this we are familiar with 2-stroke engine cycles and 4 stroke engine cycles. What does it mean ?
two-stroke-engine, is a cycle that occurs at one turn of the crank to produce combustion. So every cycle on the 2 stroke engine not only last one round.
four-stroke-engine, is a cycle that has longer stages because in one process of combustion / cycle consists of two times the crank.
Of course, between the 2 stroke engine and 4 tak it has the difference despite having the same fuel. One of them on the components that interact.
In this article, we will discuss what components affect the working principicle of two-stroke engine with each of its functions.
Two Stroke Engine Components And Its Function
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1. Cylinder block
Just like the 4 stroke engine, cylinder block is used as a place to make energy changes from the combustion process to produce the energy rotary. The main function of the cylinder block is to place the piston to move up and down. As the name suggests, the shape of this component is like a cylindrical cavity, inside this cavity the piston acts.
2. Head cylinder
The cylinder head has two functions ie as a cylindrical cavity cover and as a place of burning. In theory, engine combustion does occur in the combustion chamber, but the position of this combustion chamber is inside of the cylinder head.
3. Piston
Piston is a tubular component with a certain diameter. The piston diameter is smaller than the diameter of the cylinder, because the piston position is inside the cylindrical cavity. Its function is to adjust the size of the volume of the combustion chamber.
In the cylinder block, the piston only moves up and down. But the up and down movement can cause some conditions, if the piston moves down then the volume of the combustion chamber will enlarge and this makes the gasoline and air mixture sucked into the combustion chamber.
As the piston moves up the volume of the combustion chamber will shrink, this condition causes AFM (air fuel mixture) in the combustion chamber compressed. The result is that the temperature and pressure of the gas increases, if there is a little spark then this gas will burn. And there was a burning process.
But, because the piston's diameter is smaller than the cylindrical cavity it will leak air from the combustion chamber through the piston gap as the piston rises. To overcome this, there are three rings located on the piston wall. This ring is elastic so it can be attached to the cylinder surface. Through this ring, a gas leak during compression will be prevented.
4. Piston rod
The piston rod or the connecting rod is a part under the piston and above the crankshaft. Its only has one function, connect the up and down motion of the piston to the crankshaft. Although its function is only one, but this component should not be underestimated.
When combustion occurs, the resulting expansion of the combustion process will push the piston down with great power. The piston rod is required to deliver this thrust to the crankshaft without being bent. Therefore, the connecting rod is made of iron.
5. Crankshaft
Crankshaft in principle the same as the stroke on the bike. Its function is to change the up and down motion into a circular motion. As we pedal a bicycle, we subconsciously turn the up and down movement into a circular motion.
On the engine, our leg is assumed as a piston and connecting rod. Just as a connecting rod, the crankshaft is also strongly demanded to withstand the impulse of combustion and strong reverses the spin so that the piston is able to move back up.
For that reason, on a single cylinder engine, crankshaft design usually will be accompanied by silindrical ballance to get more stable rotating.
6. Intake port
The function of this channel is the place for the entry of air and gasoline mixture into the crank chamber. Why go to crank chamber? because in the two-stroke cycle, a mixture of gasoline and air will be channeled into the combustion chamber when finished combustion process. Movement of the piston towards the bottom will push this gas to move up through the transfer channel.
the difference of the 4 stroke engine is the absence of valve mechanism on the 2 stroke engine. That's because the intake channel is directly connected to the crank chamber. In a two-stroke engine both combustion chamber and crank chamber will affect by the piston movement.
As the piston moves upward, the volume enlargement in the crank chamber will suck air and gasoline into the crank chamber, when the piston moves back down the piston wall closes the intake channel.
7. Exhaust port
Just like the intake port, the exhaust port is the channel that connects the combustion chamber with the exhaust port. Its function, as the exhaust channels of combustion gases. This channel also does not have a valve mechanism because it takes advantage of piston movement to open the channel.
The location is above the intake channel, and this channel will open automatically when the piston moves down. When the air from inside the crank room enters the combustion chamber, it will push the combustion gases move out via exhaust port.
8. Transfer port
the transfer channel is a special channel that connects the combustion chamber with the crank chamber. Just as the two channels above, this channel is also not equipped valve mechanism. Just use the piston movement to set open and close channels.
The function of this channel is to flow AFM inside the crank chamber to the combustion chamber. How does it work ? it’s work by utilizing the piston movement, when the piston moves down automatically open port transfers. While the intake channel will be closed. And this will push the fuel water mixture inside the crank room into the combustion chamber.
9. Spark plug
Spark plugs have function to sparking fire on the gasoline engine. This spark plug works by converting electrical energy into fire, how it work?
Actually, the fire and electricity have ability to burn. So that, to do the burning procces inside combustion chamber, it’s only need to increase the electrical voltage (up to 20KV) so that the electricity can form a spark.
In general 2 stroke spark plugs and 4-stroke spark plugs are same, but the location of the spark plug on the 2-stroke engine is located above the central combustion chamber. So the burning will be more centered in the middle and the power will be straight vertical down.
But, the weakness of 2-stroke engine is related to the level of gasoline consumption and emissions that very bad. That's due to this engine combustion occurs every crank rotation, while the 4-stroke engine burn every two crank rotation so that the use of gasoline is twice more wasteful than the 4 stroke engine.
While emissions, filled with white smoke coming from side oil. The side oil is a spare oil that lubricates the crank chamber, but the oil will enter the combustion chamber as the piston moves down. As long as the oil will burn and the result is white smoke from exhaust.